Title : Methods for improving the quality, increasing the quantity of diesel fuel and solving environmental issues in oil refining
Abstract:
Method for improving the quality and increasing the quantity of diesel fuel: Presents the results of obtaining diesel fuel with improved characteristics using a developed method. The essence of the developed method is that the Hydro Plus diesel fuel is produced in a diesel fuel hydrotreating unit by combining diesel fractions from atmospheric–tubular units and light gas oils from vacuum units, a catalytic cracking unit, and a delayed coking unit and hydrotreating the resulting mixture with hydrogen-containing gas formed in a catalytic reforming unit. After hydrotreating, technical kerosene (up to 15%) produced in atmospheric-tubular units is added to its composition. In the proposed method for increasing the volume and improving the performance properties of hydrotreated diesel fuel (ecologically clean fuel), the following additives are proposed to be used to level and improve some technical indicators of this fuel: Keroflux 6100—this additive prevents the formation of crystals of interconnected hydrocarbons of the limiting series, resulting in a decrease in the maximum filtration temperature and the freezing temperature of the resulting diesel fuel; Keroflux 3614—this additive acts as a paraffin dispersant by reducing the size of the resulting crystals of paraffin alkanes, as well as due to electrostatic forces; and Kerokorr LA99C—this additive increases the lubricating properties of the diesel fuel, resulting in increased wear resistance and service life of the engine. In addition, adding a certain amount of technical kerosene to the resulting environmentally friendly diesel fuel leads to an overall increase in the volume of the product produced, as well as an improvement in some performance characteristics of the final product.
Method of disposal of oil sludge: Presents the results of studying the chemical composition of some samples of oil sludge generated at oil refineries in Turkmenistan. The study of the composition of oil sludge from the Turkmenbashi Complex of Oil Refineries and the Seydi Oil Refinery showed that the samples (TCOR) from the RVS-208, RVS-216, and RVS-246 tanks contained the following amount of mechanical impurities: 3.44, 4.41, 56.48%, respectively. The content of organic components of oil sludge (oil products) in these samples was, respectively, as follows, %: asphaltenes 38.08, 12.31, 2.36; resins 15.06, 31.18, 3.65; oils 43.41, 52.09, 37.51. Thus, the total content of oil products in the samples of the Turkmenbashi refinery is 96.55, 95.58, 43.52%, respectively.
The composition of the oil sludge collected at SOR from the biological treatment facility samples and from the mechanical treatment facility samples contained 62.37–62.92 and 2.03% mechanical impurities, respectively. The content of chemical components of oil sludge in these samples was, respectively, as follows, %: asphaltenes 1.73–1.80 and 7.87; resins 15.96–16.24 and 17.58; oils 19.3–19.6 and 72.52. Thus, the total content of oil products in the BTF samples of SOR was 37.08–37.16%, and in the MTF samples, 97.97%. The method of processing TCOR and SOR oil sludge with gas condensate was studied and for comparison, straight-run gasoline and reformate, semi-finished products of the enterprises, were used as an extractant. Investigation result demonstrated that the gas condensate used at the refinery as supplementary feedstock can be successfully employed as a solvent for the oil sludge processing. However, multi-stage processing of oil products from oil sludge with a solvent is required for their more complete extraction.
Both methods we developed are patented in Turkmenistan.
